Comparing the Republic of Bulgaria with the United Kingdom
The Republic of Bulgaria
Bulgaria is a republic with a parliamentary form of government. As of 1 January 2007 the Republic of Bulgaria participates in the construction and development of the European Union. It is a state governed by the rule of law. The Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria is the supreme source of law and no statute or other legal instrument can contravene it. Politics in the Republic of Bulgaria are based on the principle of political plurality. The economy of the Republic of Bulgaria depends on free economic initiative. All Bulgarian citizens are equal before the law in both dignity and rights. There can be no privileges or restrictions of rights on the grounds of race, nationality, ethnic identity, gender, origin, religion, education, opinion, political affiliation, personal or social status, or property status. The head of the Bulgarian state is the President. He embodies the unity of the nation and represents the state in its international relations. The President is elected directly by the Bulgarian citizens (who are entitled to vote) for a term of five years. The principal legislative authority in the Republic of Bulgaria is the National Assembly. It consists of 240 members elected for a term of four years. The implementation of the state’s domestic and foreign policy is administrated by the Council of Ministers. It consists of elected Members of the National Assembly who assume the office of Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Ministers and ministers. The rights and all legitimate interests of all citizens, juridical persons and the state are guaranteed by the Judiciary, which is politically and financially independent. The highest judicial authorities are the Supreme Court of Cassation and the Supreme Administrative Court. The territory of the Republic of Bulgaria is divided into municipalities, the basic administrative territorial units at the level of which self-government is practiced, and regions, larger administrative territorial units implementing state government on a local level.
The United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary form of government and strong democratic traditions. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is not codified in a single consolidated document; it consists of both written and unwritten sources, such as statutes, international treaties, established precedents and constitutional conventions. The two fundamental principles of the British constitution are “parliamentary sovereignty” and “rule of law”. According to the former, Parliament is the supreme legislative body; according to the latter, everyone is equal before the law. With respect to Britain’s membership in the European Union, another major principle of the state’s constitution has been established in that European Union law takes precedence over British law. The head of the British state is Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The Parliament consists of the Queen and two houses: the elected House of Commons and the appointed House of Lords. The executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister, the head of UK’s government, and the Cabinet, consisting of Secretaries of State, chosen by the Prime Minister and appointed by the Queen. The United Kingdom is divided into four home nations: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The last three have devolved legislative bodies (Scottish Parliament, The National Assembly of Wales, Northern Ireland Assembly), and devolved government bodies (Scottish Executive, Welsh Assembly Government, Northern Ireland Executive). Each home nation is further subdivided for the purposes of local government. The peoples of the United Kingdom are governed by three distinct systems of law: English law (England and Wales), Northern Ireland law and Scots law. The highest judicial authority in Britain is the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.
Compare the basic characteristics of the Republic of Bulgaria and the United Kingdom using the table below.
Bulgaria is a republic with a parliamentary form of government. As of 1 January 2007 the Republic of Bulgaria participates in the construction and development of the European Union. It is a state governed by the rule of law. The Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria is the supreme source of law and no statute or other legal instrument can contravene it. Politics in the Republic of Bulgaria are based on the principle of political plurality. The economy of the Republic of Bulgaria depends on free economic initiative. All Bulgarian citizens are equal before the law in both dignity and rights. There can be no privileges or restrictions of rights on the grounds of race, nationality, ethnic identity, gender, origin, religion, education, opinion, political affiliation, personal or social status, or property status. The head of the Bulgarian state is the President. He embodies the unity of the nation and represents the state in its international relations. The President is elected directly by the Bulgarian citizens (who are entitled to vote) for a term of five years. The principal legislative authority in the Republic of Bulgaria is the National Assembly. It consists of 240 members elected for a term of four years. The implementation of the state’s domestic and foreign policy is administrated by the Council of Ministers. It consists of elected Members of the National Assembly who assume the office of Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Ministers and ministers. The rights and all legitimate interests of all citizens, juridical persons and the state are guaranteed by the Judiciary, which is politically and financially independent. The highest judicial authorities are the Supreme Court of Cassation and the Supreme Administrative Court. The territory of the Republic of Bulgaria is divided into municipalities, the basic administrative territorial units at the level of which self-government is practiced, and regions, larger administrative territorial units implementing state government on a local level.
The United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary form of government and strong democratic traditions. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is not codified in a single consolidated document; it consists of both written and unwritten sources, such as statutes, international treaties, established precedents and constitutional conventions. The two fundamental principles of the British constitution are “parliamentary sovereignty” and “rule of law”. According to the former, Parliament is the supreme legislative body; according to the latter, everyone is equal before the law. With respect to Britain’s membership in the European Union, another major principle of the state’s constitution has been established in that European Union law takes precedence over British law. The head of the British state is Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The Parliament consists of the Queen and two houses: the elected House of Commons and the appointed House of Lords. The executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister, the head of UK’s government, and the Cabinet, consisting of Secretaries of State, chosen by the Prime Minister and appointed by the Queen. The United Kingdom is divided into four home nations: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The last three have devolved legislative bodies (Scottish Parliament, The National Assembly of Wales, Northern Ireland Assembly), and devolved government bodies (Scottish Executive, Welsh Assembly Government, Northern Ireland Executive). Each home nation is further subdivided for the purposes of local government. The peoples of the United Kingdom are governed by three distinct systems of law: English law (England and Wales), Northern Ireland law and Scots law. The highest judicial authority in Britain is the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.
Compare the basic characteristics of the Republic of Bulgaria and the United Kingdom using the table below.
| Characteristics | The Republic of Bulgaria | The United Kingdom |
| form of government | ||
| supreme source of law | ||
| fundamental principles | ||
| head of state | ||
| principal legislative authority | ||
| principal executive authority | ||
| principal judicial authority | ||
| administrative subdivision |
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